问题描述
C++ 模板上下文中的特化和实例化有什么区别.根据我目前阅读的内容，以下是我对特化和实例化的理解.
What is the difference between specialization and instantiation in context of C++ templates. From what I have read so far the following is what I have understood about specialization and instantiation.
template <typename T>
struct Struct
{
T x;
};
template<>
struct Struct <int> //specialization
{
//code
};
int main()
{
Struct <int> s; //specialized version comes into play
Struct <float> r; // Struct <float> is instantiated by the compiler as shown below
}
编译器对 Struct 的实例化
template <typename T=float>
struct Struct
{
float x;
}
我对模板实例化和特化的理解是否正确?
Is my understanding of template instantiation and specialization correct?
推荐答案
(隐式)实例化
这就是您所说的实例化(如问题中所述)
(Implicit) Instantiation
This is what you refer to as instantiation (as mentioned in the Question)
这是当您告诉编译器使用给定类型实例化模板时，如下所示:
This is when you tell the compiler to instantiate the template with given types, like this:
template Struct<char>; // used to control the PLACE where the template is inst-ed
(显式)专业化
这就是您所说的专业化(如问题中所述)
(Explicit) Specialization
This is what you refer to as specialization (as mentioned in the Question)
这是当您为类型的子集提供模板的替代定义时，如下所示:
This is when you give an alternative definition to a template for a subset of types, like this:
template<class T> class Struct<T*> {...} // partial specialization for pointers
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