问题描述
以下程序给我运行时错误(Segmentation Fault (SIGSEGV)).
Following program give me runtime error(Segmentation Fault (SIGSEGV)).
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int& bar()
{
int n = 10;
return n;
}
int main() {
int& i = bar();
cout<<i<<endl;
return 0;
}
我的老师告诉我这是一个未定义的行为,因为悬空引用.他说得对吗?如果是,那么如何避免它?
My teacher told me it is a undefined behavior because dangling reference. Is he right? If yes then how to avoid it?
推荐答案
是的,这确实是一个未定义的行为,因为您正在返回对自动变量的引用,该变量将在执行 bar()
时被销毁完成
Yes it is indeed an undefined behavior because you are returning a reference to automatic variable which will be destroyed when execution of bar()
completes
你可以通过写来避免它:
You can avoid it by writing:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int& bar()
{
static int n = 10;
return n;
}
int main() {
int& i = bar();
cout<<i<<endl;
return 0;
}
在这种情况下,静态变量 n
在 bar()
执行完成时不会被销毁,它会在您的程序终止时被销毁.
In this case static variable n
will not be destroyed when execution of bar()
completes, it will be destroyed when your program terminates.
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