本文介绍了如何诊断此 PHP 分段错误?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着跟版网的小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我正在运行导致分段错误的命令行 PHP 作业.这项工作已经工作了很长时间，但它处理的是通过电子邮件发送的内容.显然这封电子邮件中有一些东西破坏了它，但我不知道是什么.如果我把core文件放到gdb里，真的没用:
I am running a command-line PHP job that is resulting in a Segmentation Fault. This job has worked for a long time, but it processes something that is emailed in. Apparently there's something in this email that's break it, but I have no idea what. If I put the core file in gdb, it's really no help:
$ gdb /usr/local/bin/php core.20381
GNU gdb (GDB) 7.1-ubuntu
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...
Reading symbols from /usr/local/bin/php...done.
[New Thread 20381]
warning: Can't read pathname for load map: Input/output error.
Reading symbols from /lib/libcrypt.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libcrypt.so.1
Reading symbols from /lib/librt.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/librt.so.1
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libmysqlclient_r.so.15...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libmysqlclient_r.so.15
Reading symbols from /lib/libpthread.so.0...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libpthread.so.0
Reading symbols from /lib/libz.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libz.so.1
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libltdl.so.7...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libltdl.so.7
Reading symbols from /lib/libpng12.so.0...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libpng12.so.0
Reading symbols from /lib/libm.so.6...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libm.so.6
Reading symbols from /lib/libdl.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libdl.so.2
Reading symbols from /lib/libnsl.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libnsl.so.1
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libcurl-gnutls.so.4...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libcurl-gnutls.so.4
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libxml2.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libxml2.so.2
Reading symbols from /lib/libc.so.6...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libc.so.6
Reading symbols from /lib/libresolv.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libresolv.so.2
Reading symbols from /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libidn.so.11...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libidn.so.11
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/liblber-2.4.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/liblber-2.4.so.2
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libldap_r-2.4.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libldap_r-2.4.so.2
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libgssapi_krb5.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libgssapi_krb5.so.2
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libgnutls.so.26...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libgnutls.so.26
Reading symbols from /lib/libgcrypt.so.11...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libgcrypt.so.11
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libsasl2.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libsasl2.so.2
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libkrb5.so.3...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libkrb5.so.3
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so.3...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so.3
Reading symbols from /lib/libcom_err.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libcom_err.so.2
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libkrb5support.so.0...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libkrb5support.so.0
Reading symbols from /lib/libkeyutils.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libkeyutils.so.1
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libtasn1.so.3...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libtasn1.so.3
Reading symbols from /lib/libgpg-error.so.0...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libgpg-error.so.0
Reading symbols from /lib/libgcc_s.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libgcc_s.so.1
Reading symbols from /lib/libnss_files.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libnss_files.so.2
Can't read symbols from system-supplied DSO at 0x7fffb4bfc000: File truncated
Core was generated by `/usr/local/bin/php /src/prod/current/utils/cron.php --run=/utils/proces'.
Program terminated with signal 11, Segmentation fault.
#0 match (
eptr=0x1370a887 "/td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:3px solid #efefef; padding:20px 10px;">
<table style="width:100%;">
<tr>
", ' ' <repeats 12 times>, "
"..., ecode=0x133dc3aa "N",
mstart=0x13708600 "<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
</head>
<body style="padding"..., markptr=0x0, offset_top=4, md=0x7fffb4b1b620, ims=0, eptrb=0x0, flags=0, rdepth=17680) at /home/farmer/srcs/php-5.3.4/ext/pcre/pcrelib/pcre_exec.c:470
470 {
如果我做一个bt"，我只会一遍又一遍地得到这个匹配"语句.以下是前几个:
If I do a 'bt', I just get this "match" statement over and over again. Here are the first few:
#1 0x000000000046ef1e in match (
eptr=0x1370a887 "/td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:3px solid #efefef; padding:20px 10px;">
<table style="width:100%;">
<tr>
", ' ' <repeats 12 times>, "
"..., ecode=0x133dc3a5 "_", mstart=<value optimized out>, markptr=<value optimized out>,
offset_top=<value optimized out>, md=0x7fffb4b1b620, ims=0, eptrb=0x0, flags=0, rdepth=17679) at /home/farmer/srcs/php-5.3.4/ext/pcre/pcrelib/pcre_exec.c:803
#2 0x0000000000479789 in match (
eptr=0x1370a887 "/td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:3px solid #efefef; padding:20px 10px;">
<table style="width:100%;">
<tr>
", ' ' <repeats 12 times>, "
"..., ecode=0x133dc5ca "V 02% 33U 02.", mstart=<value optimized out>,
markptr=<value optimized out>, offset_top=<value optimized out>, md=0x7fffb4b1b620, ims=0, eptrb=0x0, flags=0, rdepth=<value optimized out>)
at /home/farmer/srcs/php-5.3.4/ext/pcre/pcrelib/pcre_exec.c:1623
#3 0x000000000046ef1e in match (
eptr=0x1370a886 "</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:3px solid #efefef; padding:20px 10px;">
<table style="width:100%;">
<tr>
", ' ' <repeats 12 times>, "
"..., ecode=0x133dc3a5 "_", mstart=<value optimized out>, markptr=<value optimized out>,
offset_top=<value optimized out>, md=0x7fffb4b1b620, ims=0, eptrb=0x0, flags=0, rdepth=17677) at /home/farmer/srcs/php-5.3.4/ext/pcre/pcrelib/pcre_exec.c:803
#4 0x0000000000479789 in match (
eptr=0x1370a886 "</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:3px solid #efefef; padding:20px 10px;">
<table style="width:100%;">
<tr>
", ' ' <repeats 12 times>, "
"..., ecode=0x133dc5ca "V 02% 33U 02.", mstart=<value optimized out>,
markptr=<value optimized out>, offset_top=<value optimized out>, md=0x7fffb4b1b620, ims=0, eptrb=0x0, flags=0, rdepth=<value optimized out>)
at /home/farmer/srcs/php-5.3.4/ext/pcre/pcrelib/pcre_exec.c:1623
#5 0x000000000046ef1e in match (
eptr=0x1370a885 " </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:3px solid #efefef; padding:20px 10px;">
<table style="width:100%;">
<tr>
", ' ' <repeats 12 times>, "
"..., ecode=0x133dc3a5 "_", mstart=<value optimized out>, markptr=<value optimized out>,
offset_top=<value optimized out>, md=0x7fffb4b1b620, ims=0, eptrb=0x0, flags=0, rdepth=17675) at /home/farmer/srcs/php-5.3.4/ext/pcre/pcrelib/pcre_exec.c:803
我真的很茫然.我试过在 strace 中运行该命令，它似乎在 PEAR Mail_Queue 库中出现了段错误.这是 strace 的结尾(一些识别信息已被删除):
I'm really at a loss here. I've tried running the command in strace, and it seems to be seg-faulting in the PEAR Mail_Queue library. Here's the end of the strace (some identifying information has been removed):
lstat("/src/prod/releases/20121025202143/www/application/pear/MDB2/Driver/mysql.php", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0770, st_size=55723, ...}) = 0
lstat("/src/prod/releases/20121025202143/www/application/pear/MDB2/Driver", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0770, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
lstat("/src/prod/releases/20121025202143/www/application/pear/MDB2", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0770, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
lstat("/src/prod/releases/20121025202143/www/application/pear", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0770, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
open("/src/prod/releases/20121025202143/www/application/pear/MDB2/Driver/mysql.php", O_RDONLY) = 6
fstat(6, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0770, st_size=55723, ...}) = 0
fstat(6, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0770, st_size=55723, ...}) = 0
fstat(6, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0770, st_size=55723, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 55723, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 6, 0) = 0x2b49f7bb4000
brk(0x987b000) = 0x987b000
brk(0x98bb000) = 0x98bb000
munmap(0x2b49f7bb4000, 55723) = 0
close(6) = 0
socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 6
fcntl(6, F_SETFL, O_RDONLY) = 0
fcntl(6, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR)
fcntl(6, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR)
fcntl(6, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0
connect(6, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(3306), sin_addr=inet_addr("IP ADDRESS TO DB SERVER REMOVED")}, 16) = -1 EINPROGRESS (Operation now in progress)
fcntl(6, F_SETFL, O_RDWR) = 0
poll([{fd=6, events=POLLIN|POLLPRI}], 1, 60000) = 1 ([{fd=6, revents=POLLIN}])
setsockopt(6, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, "20033411 ", 16) = 0
setsockopt(6, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, "20033411 ", 16) = 0
setsockopt(6, SOL_IP, IP_TOS, [8], 4) = 0
setsockopt(6, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, [1], 4) = 0
setsockopt(6, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, [1], 4) = 0
poll([{fd=6, events=POLLIN}], 1, 60000) = 1 ([{fd=6, revents=POLLIN}])
read(6, "C
5.1.37-1ubuntu5.5-log Q2573 009"..., 16384) = 71
write(6, "= 12052422 @10 "..., 65) = 65
read(6, "7 2 2 ", 16384) = 11
poll([{fd=6, events=POLLIN|POLLPRI}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
write(6, "10 2xxxxx", 12) = 12
read(6, "7 1 2 ", 16384) = 11
lstat("/src/prod/current/www/application/pear/Mail/mime.php", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0770, st_size=50252, ...}) = 0
lstat("/src/prod/current/www/application/pear/Mail", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0770, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
lstat("/src/prod/current/www/application/pear", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0770, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
lstat("/src/prod/current/www/application", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0776, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
--- SIGSEGV (Segmentation fault) @ 0 (0) ---
+++ killed by SIGSEGV +++
Segmentation fault
如果有人对调查路线有任何想法或指示，我将不胜感激.我真的被这个难住了.
If anyone has any ideas or pointers to lines of investigation, I'd truly appreciate it. I'm really stumped on this one.
推荐答案
如果遇到segfault，我通常会使用xdebug.我更喜欢使用以下行:
I usually use xdebug if I encounter a segfault. I prefer to use the following line:
php -d xdebug.auto_trace=ON -d xdebug.trace_output_dir=mytracedir/ myscript.php
通过 mytracedir/下的跟踪输出，您可以轻松找出大概的 php 行，这会破坏脚本.然后在每行一个语句中重写该行，并使用 error_log() 调试变量.如果你使用 __destruct() 或 __toString() 它可能会变得更棘手.
With the trace-output under mytracedir/, you can easily figure out the approximate php line, which breaks the script. Then rewrite the line in one statement per line and use error_log() for debugging vars. If you use __destruct() or __toString() it could get a bit more tricky there.
请参阅此处了解更多信息.
(如果扩展没有加载，但是安装了，尝试添加php -dzend_extension=xdebug.so [...])
(If the extension is not loaded, but installed, try to add php -dzend_extension=xdebug.so [...])
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