问题描述

我想做一个python程序来生成一个数的质数之和，但是程序没有给出正确的结果，请告诉我为什么.

I am tying to make a python program that will generate the sum of primes for a number, but the program is not giving the correct result,please tell me why.

b=1
#generates a list of numbers.
while b<100:
    b=b+1
    x = 0.0
    a = 0
    d = 0
    #generates a list of numbers less than b. 
    while x<b:
        x=x+1
        #this will check for divisors. 
        if (b/x)-int(b/x) == 0.0:
            a=a+1
        if a==2:
            #if it finds a prime it will add it.
            d=d+b
print d 

我让它成功生成了一个素数列表，但我无法添加素数.

I made it generate a list of primes successfully, but i could not get the primes to add.

这是我用来生成素数列表的代码.

This is the code that i used to generate a list of primes.

b=1
while b<1000:
    b=b+1
    n = b
    x = 0.0
    a = 0
    while x<n:
        x=x+1
        if (n/x)-int(n/x) == 0.0:
            a=a+1
    if a==2:
        print b

推荐答案

您的 d 变量在您的外部循环的每次迭代中被重置.将初始化移出该循环.

Your d variable is being reset during each iteration of your outer loop. Move the initialization out of that loop.

此外，a == 2 检查应该只在外循环的每次迭代中发生一次.将其移出内循环.

Additionally, the a == 2 check should only occur once per iteration of the outer loop. Move it out of the inner loop.

b=1
d = 0
#generates a list of numbers.
while b<100:
    b=b+1
    x = 0.0
    a = 0
    #generates a list of numbers less than b. 
    while x<b:
        x=x+1
        #this will check for divisors. 
        if (b/x)-int(b/x) == 0.0:
            a=a+1
    if a==2:
        #if it finds a prime it will add it.
        d=d+b
print d 

结果:

1060

在我们处理它的同时，让我们尝试清理代码以使其更易于理解.您可以将内部循环移动到自己的函数中，以便读者更清楚地了解其用途:

While we're at it, let's try cleaning up the code so it's more comprehensible. You can move the inner loop into its own function, so readers can more clearly understand its purpose:

def is_prime(b):
    x = 0.0
    a = 0
    while x<b:
        x=x+1
        #this will check for divisors. 
        if (b/x)-int(b/x) == 0.0:
            a=a+1
    if a==2:
        return True
    else:
        return False

b=1
d=0
#generates a list of numbers.
while b<100:
    b=b+1
    if is_prime(b):
        d=d+b
print d

使用描述它们所代表的变量名称也很有用:

It's also useful to use variable names that describe what they represent:

def is_prime(number):
    candidate_factor = 0
    amount_of_factors = 0
    while candidate_factor<number:
        #A += B is equivalent to A = A + B
        candidate_factor += 1
        #A little easier way of testing whether one number divides another evenly
        if number % candidate_factor == 0:
            amount_of_factors += 1
    if amount_of_factors == 2:
        return True
    else:
        return False

number=1
prime_total=0
#generates a list of numbers.
while number<100:
    number += 1
    if is_prime(number):
        prime_total += number
print prime_total

for 循环比增加计数器的 while 循环更符合规范:

for loops are more idomatic than while loops that increment a counter:

def is_prime(number):
    amount_of_factors = 0
    for candidate_factor in range(1, number+1):
        if number % candidate_factor == 0:
            amount_of_factors += 1
    if amount_of_factors == 2:
        return True
    else:
        return False

prime_total=0
#generates a list of numbers.
for number in range(2, 101):
    if is_prime(number):
        prime_total += number
print prime_total

如果您觉得大胆，可以使用列表推导来减少您使用的循环数量:

If you're feeling bold, you can use list comprehensions to cut down on the number of loops you use:

def is_prime(number):
    factors = [candidate_factor for candidate_factor in range(1, number+1) if number % candidate_factor == 0]
    return len(factors) == 2

#generates a list of numbers.
primes = [number for number in range(2, 101) if is_prime(number)]
prime_total = sum(primes)
print prime_total

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