问题描述
在 Python 中，您可以使用 a.intersection(b) 来查找两个集合共有的项目.
In Python you can use a.intersection(b) to find the items common to both sets.
有没有办法做到 disjoint 与此相反的版本?a 和 b 不共有的项目；a 中的唯一项与 b 中的唯一项联合?
Is there a way to do the disjoint opposite version of this? Items that are not common to both a and b; the unique items in a unioned with the unique items in b?
推荐答案
你在寻找对称差;仅出现在集合 a 或集合 b 中的所有元素，但不能同时出现:
You are looking for the symmetric difference; all elements that appear only in set a or in set b, but not both:
a.symmetric_difference(b)
来自 set.symmetric_difference()方法文档:
From the set.symmetric_difference() method documentation:
返回一个新集合，其中包含集合或其他中的元素，但不能同时包含两者.
Return a new set with elements in either the set or other but not both.
如果 a 和 b 都是集合，您也可以使用 ^ 运算符:
You can use the ^ operator too, if both a and b are sets:
a ^ b
而 set.symmetric_difference() 为 other 参数采用任何可迭代对象.
while set.symmetric_difference() takes any iterable for the other argument.
输出等价于(a | b) - (a & b)，两个集合的并集减去两个集合的交集.
The output is the equivalent of (a | b) - (a & b), the union of both sets minus the intersection of both sets.
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